By Dr. Kirsten Protherough, GP at Home Visit Healthcare

If you’re concerned about an older friend or family member who seems to be slowing down, losing weight, or just “not quite themselves,” you might have heard the term “frailty.” Frailty can encompass a broad range of health and social issues, and the 5 M Framework is a simple way to understand them. But in my experience, there’s a key area that often gets overlooked: Malnutrition.

In this article, we’ll explore the 6 Ms of frailty, why Malnutrition is so critical, and how a Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) could be the game-changer your loved one needs.

The 5 Ms … and Why We Need a 6th

1. What Matters Most!

   • This refers to your loved one’s personal goals and preferences—maybe they want to stay at home, maintain a hobby, or manage pain better.

2. Medication

   • Medications can help or harm. Side effects like dizziness or confusion can contribute to falls or worsen frailty.
   • Keep an eye out for any sudden changes after starting or stopping a medication.

3. Mobility

   • Staying active preserves strength and balance, yet frailty can make movement difficult.
   • Even short walks or gentle exercises can help maintain independence.

4. Mind

   • Frailty may go hand-in-hand with cognitive changes, including dementia or depression.
   • If your loved one seems forgetful or moody, this could be a sign of deeper issues.

5. Multicomplexity

   • People living with frailty often face multiple chronic conditions.
   • Juggling several health concerns at once makes coordinated care even more essential.

Introducing Malnutrition as the 6th M

Malnutrition is a major risk factor that can speed up muscle loss, increase infection risk, and make frailty worse. It can be triggered by anything from poor appetite and dental issues to depression or cognitive decline. Unfortunately, it often goes unnoticed until significant weight loss occurs.

Signs Your Loved One Could Be Experiencing Malnutrition

• Clothes Fitting Looser: Unintentional weight loss might be an early warning sign.
• Reduced Appetite: They skip meals or eat much smaller portions than they used to.
• Changes in Eating Habits: Difficulty chewing, new swallowing problems, or simply “not enjoying food” anymore.
• Fatigue & Weakness: Feeling tired more often can stem from inadequate nutrition.
• Emotional Changes: Depression and anxiety can decrease motivation to shop, cook, or eat well.

If any of these sound familiar, it’s worth taking action sooner rather than later.

How a Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment Can Help

A Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) is an in-depth evaluation of an older adult’s health, functional ability, and social supports. At Home Visit Healthcare, we come directly to your loved one’s home—where they’re most comfortable—to conduct the assessment. Here’s what you can expect:

1. Medical Review: We look at past and present conditions, medications, and any risk factors.
2. Functional Assessment: From mobility to daily tasks like bathing and cooking, we gauge how well they’re managing and where help is needed.
3. Nutritional Screening: We check weight trends, appetite, and any issues with chewing or swallowing.
4. Cognitive & Emotional Health: We screen for depression, memory issues, or early signs of dementia—vital for spotting how the mind affects overall health.
5. Personal Goals & Environment: We always ask, “What matters most?” and assess how well their living situation supports it.

The Benefits of a CGA

• Early Detection: Pinpoint nutritional deficiencies, medication side effects, and mobility challenges.
• Tailored Care Plan: We collaborate with you, your loved one, and other healthcare professionals to create actionable steps that truly fit their needs.
• Holistic Approach: By addressing all 6 Ms, we ensure no aspect of your loved one’s wellbeing is overlooked.
• Peace of Mind: You’ll have clear guidance, access to resources, and the reassurance that you’re doing the best you can for someone you love.

Practical Tips to Support Better Nutrition at Home

While waiting for an assessment—or if you’re in the early stages of concern—here are some steps you can take right away:

1. Encourage Smaller, Frequent Meals: If large portions are overwhelming, smaller but more regular portions may boost intake.
2. Make Mealtimes Social: Sit and eat together, or encourage them to join a community lunch club. Enjoying meals often improves appetite.
3. Adapt for Chewing or Swallowing Issues: Consider softer textures or pureed options, and consult a specialist if swallowing is a concern.
4. Add Nutrient-Dense Snacks: Yogurt, cheese, smoothies, and soups are high in protein and can be easier to eat.
5. Offer Assistance: Some older adults struggle to open jars or use utensils. A little help can go a long way.

Ready to Take the Next Step?

If you suspect frailty or have noticed worrying signs like unintentional weight loss, don’t wait. A Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment can provide you and your loved one with a clear roadmap—from medication reviews to personalized nutrition strategies.

Areas we cover:

Worcestershire, Warwickshire, Gloucestershire, North Cotswolds, Birmingham

• Contact Us:  kirsten.protherough@homevisithealthcare.co.uk
• Complete our contact form: Complete our contact form
• Call us and leave us a message:  0330 133 9093
• Home Visit Healthcare: Let our team bring expertise and reassurance straight to your loved one’s doorstep.

By proactively addressing all 6 Ms, we help ensure your older relative maintains the best possible quality of life—because what matters most is giving them the care, respect, and support they deserve