Boost Cognitive health: Discover 10 Evidence-Based Interventions to improve cognition

Boost Cognitive health: Discover 10 Evidence-Based Interventions to improve cognition

Jul 2, 2023

Promoting cognitive health is crucial for individuals as they age. Cognitive abilities, such as memory, attention, and problem-solving skills, play a vital role in maintaining independence and overall well-being. As the aging population continues to grow, it becomes increasingly important to explore evidence-based interventions that can help improve cognitive function in older adults. This article will discuss the importance of cognitive health in aging and highlight some effective interventions that have been scientifically proven to promote cognitive function.

The Importance of Cognitive Health in Aging

As people age, cognitive decline becomes a natural part of the aging process. However, severe cognitive impairment can have a significant impact on an individual’s daily life, leading to difficulties in performing routine tasks, increased dependency, and decreased quality of life. Maintaining cognitive health is essential for older adults to stay engaged in activities, maintain social connections, and preserve their independence.

Cognitive health is influenced by various factors, including genetics, lifestyle choices, and environmental factors. While genetics cannot be altered, lifestyle interventions have been shown to have a positive impact on cognitive function. Engaging in mentally stimulating activities, such as reading, puzzles, and learning new skills, can help preserve cognitive abilities and promote brain health. Additionally, adopting a healthy lifestyle, including regular physical exercise, a balanced diet, and sufficient sleep, has been associated with better cognitive outcomes in older adults.

Evidence-Based Interventions to Promote Cognitive Function

Several evidence-based interventions have been developed to promote cognitive function and slow down age-related cognitive decline. Cognitive training programs, which involve structured exercises targeting various cognitive domains like memory, attention, and reasoning, have shown promising results in improving cognitive function. These programs can be delivered individually or in a group setting and can be tailored to the specific needs of older adults.

Another effective intervention is physical exercise. Research has consistently shown that regular physical activity, including aerobic exercises and strength training, can improve cognitive function in older adults. Exercise promotes the release of growth factors, enhances blood flow to the brain, and reduces the risk of chronic conditions that can negatively impact cognitive health, such as hypertension and diabetes.

Finally, social engagement has been identified as a crucial intervention for maintaining cognitive health. Interacting with others, participating in social activities, and maintaining strong social networks can provide cognitive stimulation and emotional support, which are vital for overall cognitive well-being. Volunteering, joining community groups or clubs, and staying connected with family and friends are all excellent ways to promote cognitive health through social engagement.

Promoting cognitive health in older adults is essential for maintaining independence and overall well-being. Adopting evidence-based interventions can help slow down age-related cognitive decline and improve cognitive function. Engaging in mentally stimulating activities, regular physical exercise, and maintaining social connections are all effective strategies to promote cognitive health in aging. By implementing these interventions, individuals can enhance their cognitive abilities, leading to a higher quality of life and increased independence as they age.

10 Evidence based tips for maintaining cognitive health into older age

Maintaining cognitive health as we age is crucial for overall well-being. Here are ten evidence-based interventions supported by studies from reputable sources like The Lancet and BMJ (2010 onwards) that can help preserve cognitive function:

1. Regular Physical Exercise:

Engaging in moderate-intensity exercise has been linked to improved cognitive function and a reduced risk of cognitive decline.

2. Balanced Diet:

Following a nutrient-rich diet, such as the Mediterranean diet, has shown to be associated with better cognitive function and a decreased risk of dementia.

3. Mental Stimulation:

Participating in intellectually stimulating activities, like reading, puzzles, or learning new skills, helps maintain cognitive abilities.

4. Social Engagement:

Staying socially active through regular interactions with friends, family, and community has been linked to better cognitive health and a lower risk of cognitive decline.

5. Quality Sleep:

Adequate and restful sleep is essential for optimal cognitive function. Poor sleep has been associated with cognitive impairments.

6. Management of Chronic Conditions:

Effectively managing conditions like hypertension, diabetes, and high cholesterol can reduce the risk of cognitive decline.

7. Moderate Alcohol Consumption:

Limiting alcohol intake to moderate levels has been associated with a lower risk of cognitive decline compared to heavy or excessive drinking.

8. Smoking Cessation:

Quitting smoking contributes to better cognitive function and reduces the risk of dementia.

9. Control of Vascular Risk Factors:

Addressing risk factors such as high blood pressure and high cholesterol through lifestyle modifications or medications can help preserve cognitive health.

10. Regular Health Check-ups:

Regularly visiting healthcare providers for comprehensive check-ups enables early detection and management of any cognitive-related issues.

3 important questions you may want to ask your healthcare provider to reduce your risk of future cognitive decline:

1. Are my vascular risk factors (blood pressure control, cholesterol levels at target, weight – BMI within normal range, diabetic control) controlled and optimised? 

2. Would any medication benefit me and reduce my risk of cognitive decline or dementia in the future?

3. What can I do to reduce my risk of cognitive decline or dementia in the future? 

Disclaimer:

As a service to our readers, Healthacate® provides access to our library of archived content. Please note the date of last review or update on all articles. No content on this site, regardless of date, should ever be used as a substitute for direct medical advice from your doctor or other qualified clinician.

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    Sleep problems and risk of all-cause cognitive decline or dementia: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis
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  3. Borelli WV et al. Preventable risk factors of dementia: Population attributable fractions in a Brazilian population-based study. Lancet Reg Health Am. 2022 Apr 7;11:100256. doi: 10.1016/j.lana.2022.100256. PMID: 36778926; PMCID: PMC9903643.
  4. Zhou S, Song S, Jin Y, et al
    Prospective association between social engagement and cognitive impairment among middle-aged and older adults: evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study
    BMJ Open 2020;10:e040936. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040936
  5. Hackett RA, Steptoe A, Cadar D, Fancourt D (2019) Social engagement before and after dementia diagnosis in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. PLoS ONE 14(8): e0220195. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0220195
  6. Verghese J et al. Leisure activities and the risk of dementia in the elderly. N Engl J Med. 2003 Jun 19;348(25):2508-16. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa022252. PMID: 12815136.
  7. Giles LC, Glonek GFV, Luszcz MA, et al. Effect of social networks on 10 year survival in very old Australians: the Australian longitudinal study of aging Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health 2005;59:574-579.
  8. Fu J et al. . Association between the mediterranean diet and cognitive health among healthy adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Nutr. 2022 Jul 28;9:946361. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.946361. PMID: 35967772; PMCID: PMC9372716.
  9. Brasure M et al.  Physical Activity Interventions in Preventing Cognitive Decline and Alzheimer-Type Dementia: A Systematic Review. Ann Intern Med. 2018 Jan 2;168(1):30-38. doi: 10.7326/M17-1528. Epub 2017 Dec 19. PMID: 29255839.
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RESOURCES UK

The 1 day Healthacate® Positive Ageing Challenge | Home Visit (homevisithealthcare.co.uk)

Dementia UK

https://www.dementiauk.org

Age UK

https://www.ageuk.org.uk/

Brain games

Free Online Mind Games – Brain-Games.co.uk

https://www.cognifit.com/brain-games

 

Dr Kirsten Protherough

Dr Kirsten Protherough

Author of this article

Dr Kirsten Protherough

Founder of Healthacate®

MBchB, MRCGP, MSC. Primary Care and Community Studies. Diploma in Geriatric medicine

Boost UK Employees’ who are carers wellbeing!

Boost UK Employees’ who are carers wellbeing!

Jun 29, 2023

caring for mumCaring for Mum and Dad: Boosting UK Employees’ Wellbeing!===

In the hustle and bustle of modern life, many UK employees find themselves caught in a juggling act between their demanding jobs and caring for their ageing parents. However, employers can play a significant role in boosting their employees’ wellbeing by providing caregiver support. This article explores the importance of finding balance and empowering employees to ensure both their work and caring responsibilities are met with ease and joy!

Juggling Act: Finding Balance between Work and Caring for Mum and Dad!

Caring for ageing parents while trying to excel in the workplace can feel like a daunting juggling act. However, striking a healthy balance between these two vital aspects of life is crucial for maintaining overall wellbeing. Employers can step in and create a supportive environment that allows employees to fulfill their caregiving responsibilities without sacrificing their professional growth.

Flexible work arrangements, such as telecommuting or flexible hours, can be a game-changer. This gives employees the freedom to be physically present when needed to care for Mum and Dad, while still meeting work demands. Transparent communication with managers and colleagues is also essential. Encouraging open conversations about caregiving challenges fosters empathy, understanding, and creative solutions. By acknowledging and accommodating employees’ caregiving responsibilities, employers can help alleviate stress and enhance their overall happiness.

Empowering Employees: Unleashing Wellbeing with Caregiver Support!

Empowering employees to navigate the demanding role of a caregiver not only boosts their wellbeing but also enhances their productivity and job satisfaction. Employers can provide caregiver support programs that offer valuable resources, training, and guidance. These programs can include workshops on managing stress, navigating healthcare systems, and accessing community support networks.

Furthermore, offering employee assistance programs (EAPs) that provide counselling services or referrals to caregiving support groups can make a world of difference. Recognizing the emotional toll of caregiving and providing a safe space for employees to express their concerns can relieve burdens and promote mental well-being. Employers can also partner with local organizations to offer discounted or subsidized respite care services, allowing employees to take much-needed breaks and recharge.

Empowering Employees Towards a Balanced Life===

Caring for Mum and Dad while excelling in the workplace may seem like an arduous task, but with the right support, it can be a fulfilling journey. By creating a work environment that values and supports employees’ caregiving responsibilities, employers can enhance their employees’ overall wellbeing and job satisfaction. Striking a balance between work and caregiving is not only essential for employees but also benefits businesses through increased loyalty, engagement, and productivity. So let’s empower and uplift our employees, ensuring they have the tools and support to care for Mum and Dad while thriving in their professional lives!

Communication is key

In HR and in health and social care successful interactions are built on mutual trust, respect and confidentiality. Ubiqu

itous principles that enhance communication are:

  • Correct body language (when face to face)
  • Active listening
  • Expressed empathy
  • Checking understanding
  • Shared decision making

Think about your communication strategy within your organisation and how this relates to supporting employees who are carers.

  • How should we communicate with our employees who are carers?
  • What communication techniques should we use to achieve our goal of supporting employees who are carers?
  • How do we reach employees who are carers and make our messaging clear?
  • How can we make our messaging effective?
  • What indicators should we track to evaluate our communication strategy?

Carers Leave Act 2023

Carers Leave Act 2023 gained Royal Assent on May 24, 2023. Once implemented, employees with caring obligations will be entitled to a week of unpaid leave every year to care for their dependent(s).

Employees must meet the eligibility criteria:

  • An employee with a dependent who is considered a spouse, civil partner, child or, parent
  • An employee with a dependent who lives in the same household, except for tenants, lodgers, and borders
  • An employee who is relied upon to provide or arrange care for a dependent with a long-term care need

Carers can take a week of unpaid leave to care for a long-term care dependent under the 2023 law. This can be taken in five-day blocks, half-days, or individually.

Unpaid carers who work must use parental or yearly leave to care for their children.

The new Act encourages employers to consider adding a “Carers Leave” policy to their employee handbooks and accept unpaid leave requests from carers.

Care for a spouse, civil partner, kid, parent, someone living in the same household, or someone who reasonably relies on the employee is covered by the leave.

The Act

  • Provides unpaid leave to 2 million carers.
  • Encourages employers to consider their carers and implement carer policies for the first time.
  • Encourages forward-thinking firms to go beyond the law and offer Paid Carer’s Leave as an attractive employee benefit to stay ahead in recruitment.

 

How does this differ from current legislation?

Parents currently have the entitlement to 18 weeks of unpaid parental leave for any child under the age of 18. There is, however, no statutory right to any additional unpaid leave to care for other dependents.

The Care Act 2014

Under the Care Act, you are entitled to a carer’s assessment where you appear to have needs for support. You will be entitled to this support if you meet the national eligibility criteria.

Carers (Recognition and Services) Act 1995

This Act is for adults who are not parents of disabled children but have a right to an assessment.  This could be a grandparent or an older sibling caring for a disabled child, for example.

Employment Act 1996 and the Work and Families Act 2006

These laws give carers limited rights to emergency unpaid time off and the right to request flexible working.

Equality Act 2010

This includes protection for carers (who look after someone with a disability) from discrimination and harassment in the workplace and in services.

The Health and Care Act 2022 and caring for someone who’s coming out of hospital

This legislation reinforces carers’ rights when it comes to hospital discharge. If someone is likely to need ongoing care and support after they leave hospital, NHS trusts and foundation trusts have a duty, where appropriate, to involve patients and carers (including young carers) at the earliest opportunity in decisions and plans around their ongoing care needs.

 

Discover Top 7 Dementia Nursing Homes in Worcestershire UK

Empowering Patients: Hospital Discharge Checklist

 

Discover Top 7 Dementia Nursing Homes in Worcestershire UK

Discover Top 7 Dementia Nursing Homes in Worcestershire UK

Jun 29, 2023

Choosing a dementia nursing home is a significant decision that requires careful consideration. Dementia is a progressive condition that affects a person’s memory, thinking, and behaviour. As the disease progresses, it becomes challenging for individuals to live independently, and they may require specialized care in a nursing home setting. In this article, we will discuss the factors to consider when choosing a dementia nursing home and how to evaluate the quality of dementia care facilities.

Factors to Consider When Choosing a Dementia Nursing Home

  1. Location and Accessibility: When selecting a dementia nursing home, it is crucial to consider its location and accessibility. Ideally, the facility should be situated close to the family and friends of the resident, enabling them to visit regularly and provide emotional support. Additionally, the nursing home should be easily accessible and well-connected to public transportation for ease of visiting.
  2. Staff Training and Expertise: Dementia care requires specialized knowledge and skills. Therefore, it is essential to inquire about the staff training and expertise in handling dementia patients. Ask about the qualifications of the nursing staff, including nurses, doctors, and therapists, and check if they receive ongoing training in dementia care. A well-trained staff will have the necessary skills to deal with the specific needs and challenges associated with dementia.
  3. Safety and Security Measures: Safety is of paramount importance when it comes to dementia care. Evaluate the safety measures implemented by the nursing home, such as secure entrances and exits, 24-hour surveillance, and emergency response systems. Additionally, check if there are protocols in place to prevent wandering among residents, as this is a common behavior in dementia patients. A secure and well-monitored environment will provide peace of mind for both the residents and their families.

Evaluating the Quality of Dementia Care Facilities

  1. Personalized Care Plans: Each dementia patient has unique needs and preferences. Look for a nursing home that provides personalized care plans tailored to the individual’s requirements. A comprehensive care plan should include medical, social, and emotional support, as well as activities and therapies designed to enhance the quality of life for residents with dementia.
  2. Social Engagement Opportunities: Social interaction is crucial for individuals with dementia. Assess the availability of social engagement opportunities within the nursing home. Look for facilities that offer group activities, memory programs, and outings to stimulate cognitive function and maintain a sense of community. A well-designed social engagement program can significantly contribute to the overall well-being of residents.
  3. Family Involvement and Communication: The involvement of family members in the care of a dementia patient is invaluable. Evaluate the nursing home’s policies regarding family involvement and communication. A good facility should encourage family participation and provide regular updates on the resident’s condition and care. Open communication channels between the nursing home staff and the family can ensure a collaborative approach to dementia care.

Choosing the right dementia nursing home is a crucial step in ensuring the well-being and quality of life for individuals with dementia. By considering factors such as location, staff training, safety measures, personalized care plans, social engagement opportunities, and family involvement, you can make an informed decision. Take the time to visit multiple facilities, ask questions, and gather all necessary information before making a final choice. Remember, a well-equipped and compassionate dementia nursing home can provide the support and care that your loved one deserves.

However, with so many options, it can be overwhelming to choose the right one. We have compiled a list of the top 7 dementia nursing homes in Worcestershire, UK, based on criteria such as quality of care, staff training, and resident reviews.

Criteria and Reviews of Leading Care Facilities

To compile this list, we analysed various factors such as staff qualifications and training, resident care plans, safety measures, and resident reviews. We also took into account the facilities available, such as communal areas, gardens, and dining facilities, as well as social activities to promote engagement and stimulation.

Additionally, we reviewed feedback from current and former residents and their families to ensure that the facilities we recommend provide the highest quality of care, support, and attention to residents. We also considered the homes that have been awarded high ratings by the Care Quality Commission (CQC) in the UK.

Top 7 Dementia Nursing Homes in Worcestershire UK

  1. Perry Manor Nursing Home – https://www.careuk.com/care-homes/perry-manor-worcester ♦Outstanding CQC Rating♦
  2. Brookdale Care Home – Brookdale Nursing Home Kidderminster | Redwood Health Care
  3. Waverley House Care Home – Waverley House – Shaw
  4. Atholl House – Atholl House Nursing Home, 98-100 Richmond Road, Compton, Wolverhampton, West Midlands WV3 9JJ | 18 
  5. St John’s Court Care Home – https://www.amicacare.co.uk/our-homes/st-johns-court
  6. Stanfield Nursing Home – https://www.stanfieldnursing.co.uk
  7. Breme Care Home – https://www.sanctuary-care.co.uk/care-homes-worcestershire/breme-residential-dementia-bromsgrove

These nursing homes have demonstrated exceptional quality of care for individuals living with dementia. They offer personalized care plans, specialized dementia care, and well-trained staff members who are equipped to provide compassionate support for residents.

Choosing the right dementia nursing home is a significant decision that requires careful consideration. We hope that our list of the top 7 dementia nursing homes in Worcestershire, UK, will help you make an informed choice for your loved one. Each of these facilities is dedicated to providing the highest quality of care for individuals living with dementia, creating a safe and welcoming environment that promotes well-being and enhances the quality of life for residents.

 

Other Healthacate® Articles:

Empowering Patients: Hospital Discharge Checklist

The 1 day Healthacate® Positive Ageing Challenge

Healthacate’s Patient Empowerment 4 Stage Hospital Discharge Checklist

Healthacate’s Patient Empowerment 4 Stage Hospital Discharge Checklist

Jun 23, 2023

Patient Empowerment Hospital Discharge Checklist

Helping you ask the right questions on discharge

1. Health and recovery questions

What has happened to me in hospital…?

Medication changes and my medication list now…?

Who will be following me up and when…?

Do I need extra tests and investigations once discharged & who is organising these and when…?

What should I be doing on discharge to promote recovery…?

2. Safety netting advice

What should I look out for and in what time frame…?

Who I should call and their contact details…?

Teams are involved in my ongoing care once discharged…?

3. Paperwork

Has a letter detailing this information been sent to my GP and do I have a copy of it…?

Has any important paperwork been filled out while I have been in hospital about future care wishes such as a RESPECT form…?

4. Your own concerns regarding discharge

I am concerned about…

How can you help me with my concerns…?

 

Empowering Patients: Hospital Discharge Checklist

Empowering Patients: Hospital Discharge Checklist

Empowering Patients: Hospital Discharge Checklist

Jun 21, 2023

Importance of a Hospital Discharge Checklist===

Hospital discharge can be a stressful and confusing time for patients and their families, as they navigate the transition from hospital care to home care. Discharge instructions can be lengthy and complex, and patients may not remember everything they were told. This is where a hospital discharge checklist comes in, as it empowers patients by providing a clear and concise list of tasks to complete before leaving the hospital.

A hospital discharge checklist is a tool that can help patients take control of their own care, and ensure that they have all the information and resources they need to continue their recovery at home. By providing patients with a checklist, hospitals can reduce the risk of readmissions and improve patient outcomes, while also enhancing patient satisfaction.

Empowering Patients: What Should be Included in a Hospital Discharge Checklist

There are several key items that should be included in a hospital discharge checklist to empower patients and facilitate a smooth transition from hospital care to home care. These include:

Check Medication Changes

Patients should be provided with a list of all the medications they are taking, along with instructions on how and when to take them. This should include information on any potential side effects, interactions, or warnings, as well as a plan for refilling prescriptions.

Check Follow-up Appointments

Patients should be given a list of any follow-up appointments they need to make, along with the contact information for the providers they will be seeing. This should include any tests or procedures that need to be scheduled, as well as any special instructions for preparing for these appointments.

Check Home Care Instructions and safety netting advice

Patients should be given clear and concise instructions on how to care for themselves at home, including any exercises or physical therapy they need to do, any special dietary restrictions, and any equipment or supplies they need to have on hand. This should also include information on warning signs to watch for, and when to seek medical attention if necessary.

Conclusion

A hospital discharge checklist can be a powerful tool for empowering patients and improving the quality of care they receive. By providing patients with clear and concise instructions, hospitals can reduce the risk of readmissions and enhance patient outcomes, while also improving patient satisfaction. By including medication management, follow-up appointments, and home care instructions, hospitals can ensure that patients have all the information and resources they need to continue their recovery at home.

Click below for the checklist

Healthacate’s Patient Empowerment 4 Stage Hospital Discharge Checklist

External links:

Discharge from hospital: What support will I get | Age UK

Related Healthacate® Articles:

HR should prioritise employee well-being for those who care for ageing parents